Species

Publications on candidiasis from India between 1972-2022

PMID/DOI	Year	Risk factors	Type of candidiasis	Niche infected	Species prevalence	Symptoms
35028479	2021	Extremes of age Diabetes Pregnancy Urinary catheterization Previous use of antibiotics Intensive management	Candiduria Oropharyngeal candidiasis Vulvovaginal candidiasis Invasive candidiasis	Urinary tract Oropharynx Vagina Blood Abdomen Lungs		-
23949296	2013	HIV	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Oral lesions
31212037	2019	-	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		-
19635443	2009	Diabetes	Oropharyngeal candidiasis Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Oropharynx Vagina		-
30405717	2018	Diabetes Urinary tract infection Cancer Pregnancy Chronic kidney disease Respiratory infection Heart disease Use of catheters	Invasive candidiasis Vulvovaginal candidiasis Oropharyngeal candidiasis Candiduria Cutaneous candidiasis	Urinary tract Lungs Vagina Blood Gallbladder Oropharynx Skin		-
34765939	2021	HIV Antibiotic usage Diabetes Intrauterine devices	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		Genital pruritus and vaginal discharge
31796204	2020	Lepromatous leprosy	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		-
31983047	2020	Congenital malformations Gastrointestinal disease Late onset neonatal sepsis Early onset neonatal sepsis Neurological disease Jaundice Cardiac disease Renal disease Infections Gastroenteritis Tetanus Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia Prematurity ICU admission Urinary catheter Central line catheter Nasogastric/orogastric tube Endotracheal tube Mechanical ventilation Use of antibiotics	Candidemia	Blood		-
33380680	2020	Esophageal cancer	Esophageal candidiasis	Esophagus		Progressive dysphagia Odynophagia
19261369	2009	Pregnancy Oral contraceptives Antibiotic use Genital hygiene Educational standard	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		Vaginal discharge and/or vaginal itching and Irritation
18477920	2008	Severe sepsis or septic shock Pneumonia Meningitis Encephalitis Diarrhea Broad-spectrum antibiotics Use of central venous catheters Tracheal tube Corticosteroid therapy	Invasive candidiasis Oropharyngeal candidiasis Cutaneous candidiasis	Oropharynx Rectal Skin Blood		-
17342358	2007	Acute pancreatitis Prophylactic use of antibiotics Prophylactic fluconazole use Total parenteral nutrition Surgical intervention	Candidal pancreatitis	Pancreas Blood		-
26087081	2015	Chronic paronychia Frequent washing of hands Occupational trauma Food handling Cooking Nail polish Gardening Topical neomycin Diabetes Hypertension	Cutaneous candidiasis	Nails		Swelling of the proximal nail fold Redness Pain
29307963	2017	Systemic inflammatory response syndrome Intravenous cannulae Endotracheal or tracheal tubes Urinary catheters Mechanical ventilation Colonized by Candida at multifocal sites Clinical sepsis Previous history of hospitalization Prolonged ICU stay (>7 days) Cachexia Prolonged antibiotic usage (?7 days) Total parenteral nutrition Central venous pressure Admitted from other health care Steroid usage Hemodialysis Severe altered mental status Recent surgery	Candidemia	Blood		-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.373	2012	ICU stay Broad-spectrum antibiotics Central venous catheters Mechanical ventilation Sepsis	Candidemia	Blood		-
22262225	2012	Pre-existent ocular conditions Use of topical corticosteroids History of diabetes and trauma Surgery	Candida keratitis	Eyes		Paracentral perforation with suppuration Tissue necrosis Corneal perforation Progressive corneal melt Corneal infiltrate Extension up to limbus with hypopyon
25584218	2014	-	Vulvovaginal candidiasis Candiduria	Vagina Urinary tract		-
26316979	2014	-	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina	-	Vaginal discharge Severe backache
26816890	2015	Old age Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Diabetes HIV Oesophagial dismotility disorders Antibiotic usage Alcohol intake Acid supression therapy Smoking Steroid intake	Candida oesophagitis	Oesophagus		Heartburn Odynophagia Nausea and vomiting Asymptomatic
24251272	2013	Prematurity Low birth weight Indwelling catheters Broad-pectrum antibiotic usage Total parenteral nutrition Ventilator support Prolonged hyperalimentation	Candidemia	Blood		-
22037747	2011	Chronic renal failure Diabetes Anaemia (hb <8%) Bronchial asthma Low birth weight Pre-maturity Steroid therapy Cancer chemotherapy Road traffic accident Hospitalization >7 days Antibiotic usage Iv cannula Urinary catheter Endotracheal tube Central venous pressure line	Candidemia	Blood		Fever
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2011.09.007	2011	Hormone treatment	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		Discharge (clumpy cottage cheese like appearance) Intense vulvovaginal pruritus with or without erythema Dysuria Dyspareunia
18787280	2008	Spontaneous gastrointestinal perforation peritonitis	Invasive candidiasis	Gastrointestinal tract	-	-
15774298	2005	Burn patients	Cutaneous candidiasis	Skin	-	-
24445508	2014	HIV Preterm birth Low birth weight Malnutrition Birth asphyxia Broad-spectrum antibiotic usage Infrequent diaper change Diarrhoea Administered steroids Malnutrition	Oropharyngeal candidiasis Cutaneous candidiasis Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis	Oropharynx Skin		Oropharyngeal lesions Cutaneous lesions
18087096	2007	Neonates: septicaemia Respiratory distress syndrome Low birth weight and preterm birth ICU stay Antibiotic therapy Central line Urinary catheter Ventilator Malignancy Abdominal surgery	Candidemia	Blood		-
20658166	2010	Trauma patients (severe head injury Fracture)	Candidemia	Blood		-
16190129	2005	Ischemic stroke Diabetes Tetanus Intracerebral haematoma Chronic obstructive airway disease And AIDS with cryptococcal meningitis Use of central venous catheters Total parenteral nutrition Broad-spectrum antibiotics Mechanical ventilation	Candidemia	Blood		-
16552483	2006	Cancer HIV	Candidemia	Blood Lungs Oropharynx Intestine		-
30623182	2018	HIV	Invasive candidiasis Vulvovaginal candidiasis Oropharyngeal candidiasis Candiduria Enteric candidiasis	Blood Vagina Central nervous system Oropharynx Urinary tract Intestine Lungs Skin		Weight loss Oral ulcers Fever Anorexia Cough Diarrhea Dyspnea Neck rigidity Night sweats Dysphagia Generalized lymphadenopathy Burning micturition Vaginal discharge Cutaneous manifestations Tuberculosis
30226183	2018	Neutropenia Tuberculosis Pancreatitis Chronic kidney disease Surgery Central venous catheter Endotracheal tube Drainage catheter Urinary catheter	Invasive candidiasis	Blood Central nervous system Lungs Intestine		-
22931629	2013	HIV	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Oral lesions
24823420	2014	HIV	Oropharyngeal candidiasis Esophageal candidiasis	Oropharynx Esophagus		Lesions
30429388	2018	-	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		-
25510301	2015	Respiratory illness: pneumonia Acute respiratory distress syndrome Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; renal disease: acute or chronic renal failure; malignancy; surgery 30 days prior to onset of candidemia; use of central venous catheters Total parenteral nutrition Urinary catheter Invasive mechanical ventilation Dialysis Antibiotics Corticosteroids	Candidemia	Blood		-
33786299	2021	Oral leukoplakia Tobacco Arecanut Alcohol consumption	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Oral lesions such as tobacco pouch Keratosis Smokers palate Oral submucous fibrosis Oral burning sensation
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1030	2020	-	Candidemia	Blood		-
16482387	2006	HIV Cancer	Oropharyngeal candidiasis Invasive candidiasis	Blood Oropharynx Lungs Intestine		-
26470961	2015	-	Ocular candidiasis	Eyes		Keratitis Endophthalmitis Orbital cellulitis
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1031	2020	ICU stay	Candidemia	Urinary tract Blood		-
17185844	2006	Male sex Longer duration of rupture of membrane Administration of steroids Antibiotics Vaginal colonization of mothers Low birth weight and gestational age	Oropharyngeal candidiasis Enteric candidiasis Invasive candidiasis	Oropharynx Rectal Umbilicus Groin Blood		-
28904481	2017	Diabetes Pancreatitis Hospitalization Surgery Organ transplant Total parenteral nutrition Invasive lines and catheters Septic shock Mechanical ventilation Renal replacement therapy Use of steroids	Invasive candidiasis	Blood Deep tissue		-
26549070	2015	Central venous line	Invasive candidiasis Vulvovaginal candidiasis Candiduria	Blood Vagina Urinary tract		-
27042578	2016	Carcinoma of oral cavity (carcinoma of lip Buccal mucosa Retro-molar triangle Lateral surface of tongue Base of tongue Maxillary alveolus and mandibular alveolus) Chemotherapy Radiotherapy	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Oral cancer patients: Ulceration Xerostomia Dysphagia Asymptomatic
25426899	2011	Oral submucous fibrosis Betel quid chewers Tobacco smoking Alcohol drinking	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Burning sensation of oral mucosa Tough and leathery mucosal texture Blanching of oral mucosa Palpable fibrous bands Restricted mouth opening
25110589	2014	Blood stream infection	Invasive candidiasis Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Blood Vagina		-
28511380	2017	-	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		-
21886989	2009	Oral precancer: oral leukoplakia Oral lichen planus Oral sub mucous fibrosis; oral cancer	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		-
28333181	2017	Pulmonary Renal Cardiovascular Gastrointestinal and liver diseases Pneumonia Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Acute respiratory distress syndrome Neutropenia Malignancy Urinary catheters Central venous catheters Post-operative drainage catheter Total parenteral nutrition	Candidemia	Blood		-
32681527	2020	Neonates: perinatal asphyxia Hyaline membrane disease Congenital heart disease; non-neonatal children: pneumonia Congenital heart disease Acute renal failure; malignancy Neutropenia Immunodeficiency Organ transplant ICU stay Gastrointestinal surgery Vascular surgery Invasive devices - tracheo-esophageal fistula Invasive mechanical ventilation Surgical drain Intraperitoneal catheter Central venous catheters Urinary catheter Peritoneal dialysis Hemodialysis Drainage catheters Secondary bacterial infection	Candidemia	Blood		-
21533904	2011	Septicemia	Invasive candidiasis Candiduria Cutaneous candidiasis	Blood Urinary tract Rectum Skin		Fever
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(76)93135-4	1976	Septicemia Pneumonia Intravascular coagulation Enterocolitis Thrombophlebitis	Enteric candidiasis	Intestine	-	Diarrhea - anal fissure
28250619	2017	-	Invasive candidiasis Candiduria Oropharyngeal candidiasis Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Blood Urinary tract Lungs Vagina Oropharynx		-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsic.2015.10.041	2015	-	Candidemia	Blood		-
25328334	2014	Trauma patients (injury to head/spine/abdomen/chest/orthopedic) Use of central venous catheter Peripheral venous catheter Total parenteral nutrition Broad-spectrum antibiotics Prolonged hospital stay	Candidemia	Blood		-
26411557	2015	Intravenous line Prematurity Low birth weight Prior antibiotic usage Ventilation Indwelling catheters	Candidemia	Blood		-
30906728	2019	HIV/AIDS	Oropharyngeal candidiasis Esophageal candidiasis	Oropharynx Esophagus	-	White patches on the inner cheeks Tongue Roof of the mouth And throat redness or soreness cottony feeling in the mouth Loss of taste Pain while eating or swallowing Cracking and redness at the corners of the mouth
34349421	2021	Pregnancy	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Asymptomatic
25810610	2015	Diabetes Anemia Malignancy Autoimmune disease Age >65 years ICU stay Use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials Use of corticosteroids Prior fluconazole exposure Central venous catheters Receipt of total parenteral nutrition Renal failure requiring hemodialysis Mechanical ventilation	Invasive candidiasis Candiduria	Blood Urinary tract Lungs		-
26173033	2015	Hematological malignancy (acute lymphocytic leukemia Chronic lymphocytic leukemia Acute myeloid leukemia Non-hodgkin`s lymphoma Chronic myeloid leukemia) Leukopenia Neutropenia Anemia Steroids Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Indwelling devices (intravenous catheter Urinary catheter Central venous catheter Nasogastric tube) Parenteral nutrition Prophylactic use of fluconazole	Candidemia	Blood		Fever
25560009	2015	Pregnancy	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		Curdy white discharge Pruritus Lower abodominal pain Dysuria
28197050	2017	Severe acute pancreatitis Surgery Prolonged hospitalization before ICU admission Mechanical ventilation	Candidemia	Blood		-
23118494	2012	-	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina	-	Vaginal itching Vaginal discharge Vaginal erythema
25404942	2014	Advanced age Diabetes Pregnancy Indwelling urinary catheters ICU stay Antibiotic use	Candiduria Vulvovaginal candidiasis Oropharyngeal candidiasis Invasive candidiasis	Urinary tract Vagina Oropharynx Blood Central nervous system		-
24696557	2014	Pregnancy	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		-
24357342	2014	Diabetes Chronic kidney disease Haematological malignancy Neutropenia Central venous catheter Broad-spectrum antibiotics Parenteral nutrition Surgery within 30 days Intensive care Antifungals within 30 days Concomitant bacteremia Indwelling urinary catheter	Invasive candidiasis	Blood Lungs		Wound sepsis
19071887	2008	-	Candidemia	Blood		-
26109791	2015	-	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		-
28462176	2017	Diabetes Antibiotic therapy Radiotherapy Steroid therapy	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx	-	Lesions
15908007	2006	Diabetes	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		Genital pruritus Discharge Dyspareunia Vaginal congestion
17259500	2007	Diabetes	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		Vaginal discharge Vulval pruritus Burning sensation Vulval edema Vaginal congestion
28195093	2017	-	Candidemia	Blood		-
19409507	2009	Candidemia: diabetes Cancer Premature birth; Oropharyngeal candidiasis: HIV Candidemia: mechanical ventilator Foley`s catheter Indwelling central venous catheters Prior surgery Organ transplant Dialysis Antifungal prophylaxis Old age (>60 years)	Invasive candidiasis Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Blood Oropharynx		Oropharyngeal candidiasis: mucosal lesions
18037716	2007	-	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		Vaginal discharge Genital itching Genital burning
26644875	2015	Neonates: vascular access devices Prematurity Low birth weight Prior antibacterial therapy Use of corticosteroids Nervous system disorders Gastrointestinal disorders Recent surgeries Respiratory disorders; non-neonates: implantation of intravenous catheter Prior antibacterial therapy Renal insufficiency Urinary catheter Hepatic disorder Central venous catheter Diabetes Alcoholism Dialysis Respiratory disorders Malignancy Mechanical ventilation Recent surgeries Use of corticosteroids Neurological disorders Neutropenia Cardiovascular disorders HIV/AIDS	Candidemia	Blood		-
24995172	2014	Pregnancy Diabetes Tuberculosis Antibiotic usage Oral contraceptive pills	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		Excessive vaginal discharge Pruritis Pain
24029196	2013	Diabetes Malignancy Antibiotic therapy Urinary catheters Steroid therapy Mechanical ventilation Prior surgery Preterm babies with low birth weight Neutropenia Central venous catheters Total parenteral nutrition	Candidemia	Blood		-
24431621	2013	-	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		Vaginal discharge
20090231	2010	-	Invasive candidiasis Vulvovaginal candidiasis Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Blood Oropharynx Vagina		-
18564689	2008	HIV	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Lesions
15572815	2004	Community-aquired pneumonia Severe sepsis/septic shock Central nervous system infections Bacterial meningitis Meningo-encephalitis Diarrhoeal illness Intravenous catheter Broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy Endotracheal tube Urinary catheter Mechanical ventilation	Candidemia	Blood		Fever Shock Respiratory distress/pneumonia Persistent diarrhoea Decreased activity or poor responsiveness Oral thrush not responding to topical therapy
27890946	2016	-	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina	-	Vaginal discharge
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsic.2015.10.018	2015	Broad-spectrum antibiotic or steroid therapy Presence of peripheral catheter Low birth weight Duration of hospital stay (>7 days)	Invasive candidiasis Oropharyngeal candidiasis Candiduria Cutaneous candidiasis	Blood Urinary tract Central nervous system Lungs Oropharynx Nails		-
9604600	1998	Prematurity Low birth weight Ventilation Peripheral catheter Broad-spectrum antibiotics Parenteral nutrition	Invasive candidiasis Oropharyngeal candidiasis Candiduria Cutaneous candidiasis	Blood Urinary tract Oropharynx Skin Lungs Perianal region Central nervous system		Persistent/recurrent pneumonia Recurrent apnoea Lethargy Increased gastric aspirates Abdominal distension Failure to gain weight Poor respiratory effort Hepato-splenomegaly Conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia Bilateral renal enlargement
19384052	2009	HIV Immunosuppression and prior fluconazole therapy	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100644	2020	-	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		-
15297686	2004	Low birth weight Prematurity Perinatal asphyxia Respiratory distress Jaundice Meconium aspiration	Candidemia	Blood		-
11600094	2001	HIV	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Lesions
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsic.2015.10.139	2015	-	Invasive candidiasis Candiduria	Urinary tract Lungs Blood		-
11227849	2000	-	Esophageal candidiasis	Esophagus		Odynophagia Dysphagia Nausea Vomiting Persistent hiccups Belching Gastric discomfort Dyspepsia
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2015.12.019	2016	Indwelling devices Prolonged antibiotic therapy Surgery Duration of stay > 1 week Immunosuppressants use Diabetes Multiple organ system involvement Peritonitis and trauma Pneumonia Tuberculosis Smoking Previous surgery Neurological involvement and malignancy Renal failure Heart disease	Invasive candidiasis Candiduria Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Urinary tract Lungs Oropharynx Abdomen		-
18769898	2008	Bacterial sepsis Necrotizing enterocolitis Gastrointestinal surgery Gastrointestinal diseases Antibiotic therapy	Candidemia	Blood		Fever and leucocytosis Skin lesions
16805100	2006	HIV Malignancies	Invasive candidiasis Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Blood Oropharynx		-
22217987	2011	-	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		Abnormal vaginal discharge
8870405	1996	-	Enteric candidiasis	Intestine		Diarrhea
28801726	2017	Hematolymphoid malignancy Solid-organ malignancy Neutropenia Hypotension Abdominal surgery Concurrent bacterial infection Antifungal prophylaxis	Candidemia	Blood		-
25297047	2014	Urinary catheter	Candiduria	Urinary tract		-
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0255-0857(21)02188-5	2007	Women of low socioeconomic status Unsatisfactory genital hygiene Using tight Poorly ventilated nylon underclothing Pregnancy	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		Vaginal discharge Vaginal itching
11714062	2001	-	Candidemia	Blood		-
11023762	2000	Diabetes	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		Thick and curdy vaginal discharge
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.689	2016	HIV	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		-
19640608	2009	Use of indwelling devices (dialysis)	Candidemia	Blood		-
9066155	1996	Antibiotic associated diarrhoea Use of antibiotics	Enteric candidiasis	Intestine		-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2016.11.025	2016	ICU stay	-	-		-
34017760	2021	-	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		Vaginal discharge Lower abdominal pain Burning sensation Pruritis Dysuria Dyspareunia
23544180	2013	Immunocompromised status Use of invasive devices	-	-		-
29736359	2018	Secondary peritonitis Diabetes	Candida peritonitis Invasive candidiasis Candiduria	Blood Urinary tract Abdomen		-
21369447	2008	Diabetes HIV/AIDS	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Oral lesions
19384050	2009	Bloodstream infections	Candidemia	Blood		-
18522700	2009	HIV	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		-
16505571	2006	-	Invasive candidiasis Vulvovaginal candidiasis Candiduria	Lungs Blood Vagina Urinary tract		-
25308014	2014	-	Candidemia	Blood		-
26929483	2015	Artificial dentures	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		NA
30538510	2018	-	Invasive candidiasis Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Blood Vagina		-
27403171	2016	Cancer Chemotherapy Radiotherapy	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		White plaque Erythematous lesion Ulcerative lesion Dryness of mouth Pain Altered taste sensation Halitosis White plaques/patches Redness in the mucosa
22754002	2011	HIV Tuberculosis	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		HIV/TB patients: creamy white Curd like patches Erythematous lesions on the oral/and or pharyngeal mucosa; Controls: mild fever Cough Chills
25653943	2014	-	Invasive candidiasis Oropharyngeal candidiasis Candiduria Enteric candidiasis	Blood Lungs Urinary tract Central nervous system Intestine Oropharynx Ears Bone marrow		-
18219125	2008	Chronic diarrhea Dysentery Crohn`s disease Acute myeloid lymphoma Colitis (inclusive of ulcerative colitis and necrotizing enterocolitis) Alcoholic liver disease Non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma Diabetes Tuberculosis Pneumonia Antibiotic usage	Enteric candidiasis	Intestine		Diarrhea Fever Abdominal pain
31049454	2019	HIV and tuberculosis Diabetes Tuberculous meningitis Cryptococcal meningitis Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia Fungemia Recurrent herpes zoster	Invasive candidiasis Oropharyngeal candidiasis Cutaneous candidiasis	Blood Oropharynx Skin		Oral ulcers Loss of appetite Recurrent diarrhea
28050365	2016	-	Invasive candidiasis	-		-
28681016	2016	-	Candidemia	Blood		-
28969120	2017	Diabetes	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		-
21938250	2009	Low birth weight Previous antibiotic prophylaxis Presence of central venous line Prematurity Perinatal asphyxia Jaundice Meconium aspiration HIV	Candidemia	Blood		-
26648186	2016	-	Candidemia	Blood		-
34318770	2021	Denture-induced stomatitis Use of dentures	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		-
35068792	2022	Cirrhosis: chronic viral hepatitis (b or c) Alcohol consumption Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Autoimmune hepatitis Diabetes Recent alcohol binge Endoscopic variceal ligation Renal replacement therapy Hepatocellular carcinoma Immunosuppresant use Hypertension Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Steroid intake Prior use of antibiotics	Esophageal candidiasis	Esophagus	-	Nausea Odynophagia Dysphagia Retrosternal pain UGI bleed Asymptomatic
24042103	2013	Use of antimicrobials Central venous catheters Total parenteral nutrition Candida colonization in urine Major surgical procedure Use of prophylactic antifungal agents Neutropenia Use of corticosteroids Immunosuppressive agents Diabetes Chronic renal failure ICU stay	Candidemia	Blood		-
28948954	2017	HIV	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Lesions
32971434	2020	Use of intrauterine contraceptive device Oral contraceptives	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		Abnormal vaginal discharge
27656551	2016	Early childhood caries	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Caries
34472809	2021	-	Candidemia	Blood		-
27190803	2016	Dental caries	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Dental caries lesions
26904115	2016	Use of invasive medical devices: central venous catheters Indwelling urinary catheter Mechanical ventilator	Invasive candidiasis Candiduria	Blood Urinary tract Lungs		-
27601306	2016	-	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		-
33165341	2020	HIV	-	-		-
28368268	2017	Mechanical ventilation >5 days Central line >7 days 20% intralipid infusion >7 days Use of >2 broad-spectrum antibiotics Prolonged stay in hospital >28 days Nil orally >5 days	Invasive candidiasis Renal candidiasis	Blood Central nervous system Eyes Heart Kidneys		Bleeding manifestations Intraventricular hemorrhage Pneumonia Apnea Respiratory distress/apnea Tachycardia/bradycardia Poor perfusion Feeding intolerance Temperature instability Lethargy or seizures
26393128	2015	-	Invasive candidiasis Vulvovaginal candidiasis Candiduria	Blood Vagina Urinary tract		-
22529577	2011	HIV	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		-
16377864	2005	Gastrointestinal perforation Trauma Renal insufficiency Diabetes Burns AIDS Malignancy Prematurity Infective endocarditis Broad-spectrum antimicrobials Central venous catheters ICU stay Nursery stay Steroid therapy Major gastrointestinal surgery Neutropenia Antifungal prophylaxis Total parenteral nutrition	Invasive candidiasis Oropharyngeal candidiasis Candiduria Enteric candidiasis	Blood Urinary tract Intestine Oropharynx		-
30753525	2019	Contaminated medical devices and environmental surfaces Transmission amongst patients Less stringent adherence to infection control practices	Invasive candidiasis Candiduria Cutaneous candidiasis Ocular candidiasis	Blood Skin Nails Eyes Lungs Urinary tract		-
34247558	2021	Hypertension Diabetes Liver disease Lung disease Cardiac disease Malignancy Renal disease Organ transplant Surgery/invasive procedure Exposure to antibiotics Antifungal drugs Corticosteroids Chemotherapy	Invasive candidiasis Candiduria Enteric candidiasis	Blood Lungs Urinary tract Intestine		-
23391796	2012	-	Candidemia	Blood		-
27514982	2016	-	Cutaneous candidiasis Invasive candidiasis Oropharyngeal candidiasis Candiduria	Nails Blood Lungs Oropharynx Urinary tract Gastrointestinal tract		-
15004088	2004	HIV/AIDS	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Discomfort or pain during chewing Oropharyngeal lesions
29567932	2015	Chronic periodontitis Diabetes	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx	-	-
24056652	2013	-	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		Vaginal discharge Itching Dyspareunia Lowback-ache Pain in the lower abdomen
29962770	2018	Diabetes	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		-
24678215	2014	Diabetes	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Asymptomatic
22723047	2012	Gastrointestinal cause Diabetes Anemia Urinary catheters Previous antibiotic therapy Total parenteral nutrition Invasive procedures Surgery Immunosuppressive treatment	Candiduria Invasive candidiasis	Urinary tract Blood		-
26889366	2015	Diabetes mellitus	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx	-	-
19805956	2009	HIV	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		HIV-seropositive: Oral lesions
25206148	2012	Dental caries	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Carious lesions
29731575	2018	Asthma Antiasthmatic medications such as î²2 agonists and corticosteroids	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Caries
21572601	2011	Diabetes Productive cough Use of invasive devices: endotracheal tube Catheter tip Suction tip	Invasive candidiasis Oropharyngeal candidiasis Candiduria Ocular candidiasis	Lungs Oropharynx Blood Urinary tract Ears Eyes		-
28914240	2017	Early childhood caries	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Tooth decayed (cavitated or noncavitated) Missing teeth (due to caries)
27213089	2016	Dental caries	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		-
21959206	2012	HIV	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		HIV positive: Oral lesions Asymptomatic
31581861	2021	Low birth weight Thrombocytopenia Pneumonia Necrotizing enterocolitis Meningitis Retinopathy of prematurity requiring laser Prolonged rupture of membrane Maternal fever Maternal foul smelling liquor (chorioamnionitis) Maternal urinary tract infection Apnea Prolonged intravenous antibiotic Prolonged central venous line Prematurity Ventilatory support Blood product transfusion Total parenteral nutrition	Candidemia	Blood		-
34733024	2021	Prosthetic valve implantation	Invasive candidiasis	Blood Heart		-
27514952	2016	Diabetes mellitus Foot ulcers	Cutaneous candidiasis	Skin		Lower-limb lesions Ulcers
30651678	2018	Asthma	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		None
29422738	2018	Urinary catheters	Candiduria	Urinary tract		-
30498309	2018	-	Candidemia	Blood		-
34904116	2021	Covid-19 Hypertension Diabetes Lung disease Renal disease Liver disease Malignancy Long duration of hospital stay Use of central venous catheter Mechanical ventilation Urinary catheter Dialysis line Broad-spectrum antibiotics	Invasive candidiasis Candiduria	Blood Urinary tract		-
22923914	2012	-	Candidemia	Blood		-
33081839	2020	Oral squamous cell carcinoma Oral potentially malignant disorders Oral squamous cell carcinoma: habit of alcohol consumption Smoking and chewing of tobacco products	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Leukoplakia Erythroplakia Erythroleukoplakia
34516459	2021	Active ulcerative colitis	Enteric candidiasis	Intestine	-	-
20699514	2010	HIV	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		-
26604498	2015	HIV	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		-
26557518	2015	Catheterized patients Hospital stay >72 hours	Candiduria	Urinary tract		-
21934219	2011	Diabetes Catheterized patients Use of antibiotics ICU stay for >72 hours Previous surgery	Invasive candidiasis Candiduria	Blood Urinary tract		-
24872653	2014	Chronic liver disease Catheters	Candiduria Invasive candidiasis	Urinary tract Blood		-
24392372	2013	-	Candiduria	Urinary tract		-
17706785	2007	Hospital stay > 10 days before isolate ICU stay > 5 days before isolate Hospitalization under medical specialties Plasma glucose more than 180 mg/dl Structural/functional urinary tract abnormalities Surgery before isolation Renal failure Indwelling bladder catheter Another infection in the preceding 30 days Use of any antibiotic in the preceding 30 days Use of steroids in preceding 30 days Serum albumin less than 3 g/l	Candiduria	Urinary tract		-
34602787	2021	Catheterized patients	Candiduria	Urinary tract		-
17907496	2007	Septicemia Diabetes Cancer Use of central lines Broad-spectrum antibiotic usage Foley`s urinary catheters Chemotherapy	Invasive candidiasis	Blood Urinary tract Lungs	-	Ocular lesions
15456350	2003	Diabetes Use of invasive devices Antifungal prophylaxis	Invasive candidiasis Vulvovaginal candidiasis Candiduria Cutaneous candidiasis	Lungs Blood Urinary tract Vagina Skin		Productive cough Dyspnea
35719436	2022	Diabetes Kidney failure on dialysis Neutropenia Broad-spectrum antibiotics usage Steroids Immunosuppresive therapy Central line Total parenteral nutrition Abdominal surgery	Invasive candidiasis Candidemia Candiduria Candida endophthalmitis	Blood Urinary tract Eyes		-
35421057	2022	Malignancy Neutropenia ICU stay Use of central venous catheters Ventilator	Candidemia	Blood		-
35281152	2022	-	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx
35836644	2022	Septic shock Acute kidney injury Acute central nervous system infections Neutropenia Mechanical ventilation Peritoneal dialysis Institution of amino acids Central venous catheter in-situ Antibiotic use >14 days	Invasive candidiasis Candiduria	Blood Urinary tract Lungs		Fever UTI Diarrhea
35436827	2022	Prior use of broad-spectrum antibiotics Prior use of antifungals Total parenteral nutrition Mechanical ventilation Central venous catheters Vasopressor support Renal replacement therapy Long duration of hospital stay	Candidemia	Blood Urinary tract		-
35229766	2022	Diabetes	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		-
8840655	1996	-	Candidemia	Blood		-
23537782	2013	Use of intrauterine contraceptive device	Vulvovaginal candidiasis	Vagina		Vaginal discharge
26549069	2015	Low birth weight Male sex Prematurity Vaginal delivery Intrapartum use of antibiotics Unclean vaginal examination Indwelling catheters Artificial ventilation	Candidemia	Blood		Failure to thrive Abdominal distension Lethargy Respiratory distress syndrome Jaundice Birth asphyxia Tachycardia
17646917	2007	Use of antibiotic Ventilator Urinary catheter Central venous catheter Post-operative care Use of gastric probe Parenteral nutrition Pre-maturity	Candidemia	Blood		-
33790505	2021	Diabetes mellitus Hypertension Acute kidney injury Chronic kidney disease Chronic liver disease Solid tumour Septic shock Bacteremia Immunosuppressive therapy Solid-organ transplant Use of central venous catheter Foley catheter Total parenteral nutrition Surgery Prior antibiotics usage Prior antifungal exposure	Invasive candidiasis	Blood urinary tract gastrointestinal tract		-
31728097	2019	Type II diabetes Nonhealing foot ulcers	Cutaneous candidiasis	Skin		-
34340186	2021	Hypertension Diabetes mellitus Malignant otitis Inguinal hernia Hypokalemia and hyponatremia Acute kidney injury Parkinsonism Chronic lacunar infarct Longer ICU stay Intubation Surgery Broad-spectrum antibiotic usage	Invasive candidiasis Candiduria	Blood ear urinary tract		-
25634073	2015	Intravascular line Surgery Prematurity Neutropenia HIV Burns	Candidemia	Blood		-
32062286	2020	Neurological illness Respiratory illness Cardiac illness Renal disease Gastrointestinal diseases Use of central venous catheter Urinary catheter Invasive mechanical ventilation Parenteral nutrition Surgery Prior antibiotics Prior antifungals Immunosuppressive drugs Septic shock	Candidemia	Blood		-
32852265	2020	COVID-19 Hypertension Diabetes mellitus Chronic kidney and liver disease Mechanical ventilation Indwelling central lines Urinary catheters	Invasive candidiasis Candiduria	Blood Urine		-
25429999	2014	Antibiotic usage Use of indwelling devices like IV canula Nasogastric tube Endotracheal tube	Candidemia	Blood		-
31927114	2020	Very low/low birthweight Preterm delivery Use of central venous catheters Mechanical ventilation	Candidemia	Blood		-
23748455	2013	Oral potentially malignant and malignant disorders	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx	-	Oral mucosal lesions
34916760	2021	ICU stay Carcinoma colon Coronary artery diseases Diabetes mellitus Hypertension Use of broad-spectrum antibiotics Central venous catheters	Candidemia	Blood		-
35153436	2021	Oral squamous cell carcinoma Oral potentially malignant disorders	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Oral lesions
36636301	2022	-	Invasive candidiasis Candiduria	Blood Urinary tract		-
36588858	2022	Oral squamous cell carcinoma	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Oral lesions
36540727	2022	COVID-19 Hypertension Diabetes Aplastic anaemia Use of steroids	Invasive rhino-orbito-cerebral candidiasis	Nasal sinuses		-
36415518	2022	Asthma	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		-
36340431	2022	Septicemia	Candidemia	Blood		-
36310808	2022	Use of central venous catheters Total parenteral nutrition Urinary catheter Invasive ventilation Diabetes Hypertension Cardiovascular diseases HIV Solid organ transplantation Lung diseases Malignancy Recent surgery Use of broad-spectrum antibiotics Steroids	Candidemia	Blood		-
36110628	2022	Use of dentures	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		-
35886361	2022	Squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx		Dysphagia Poor oral hygiene Dry mouth Altered taste sensation Halitosis Pain Whitish patches Reddish patches
4502584	1972	Tobacco usage (chewing Smoking)	Oropharyngeal candidiasis	Oropharynx	-	Leukoplakia Oral lesions Ulcers
29738604	2018	-	Candidemia	Blood		-
12950896	2003	Use of antibiotics Hyperalimentation	Candidemia Candiduria	Blood Urine		Acute respiratory distress Gastrointestinal distress Thrombocytopenia Leukopenia
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jceh.2022.07.112	2022	Liver cirrhosis	Esophageal candidiasis	Esophagus	-	-